What Is a Bill of Materials (BOM)?
A bill of materials is the complete list of raw materials, components, and quantities needed to build one unit of a finished product. It's the recipe that purchasing, production, and accounting all work from.
The Basics
A BOM lists every part that goes into a product, how many of each are needed, and the unit of measure. A chair's BOM might include four legs, one seat, one backrest, sixteen screws, and a measured amount of finish. When you schedule a run of 200 chairs, the BOM tells you exactly what to pull from inventory and what to order.
Many products are built from sub-assemblies that have BOMs of their own. A multi-level BOM captures that structure, so a change to one component is reflected in every product that uses it.
Which Industries Use BOMs
Any business that builds, assembles, blends, or kits products from other items. The most common are:
